Unit 5: Research Method, Design, and Sampling; Ethics; Theory, Role of Theory Topic 13

Patten, Topic 13
The Role of Theory in Research

Theory: unified explanation for discrete observation

example: reinforcement theory : positive reinforcement increases frequency of response
but
intermittent reinforcement is more effective

Test hypothesis by deducing with theory

example: goals determine level of cognitive engagement
exceptions cause reformulating to account for discrepancy

research can induce theory

Qualitative Researchers call it grounded theory (based on observations)/regularly revised as new observations warrant.

Consider research topic to test some aspect of theory, easier to defend, has implications for validating and refining a theory.

no theory is universal, always exceptions - Trends across groups can be examined